The transistor which operates in this region is used for amplification.įF – In this case, both the junctions are forward biased. The transistor is in the active region and the collector current depends on the emitter current. The base of a transistor is lightly doped and very thin due to which it offers the majority charge carrier to the base.įR – In this case, the emitter-base junction is forward biased and the collector-base junction is reverse biased. The collector-base junction is in reverse bias and offers higher resistance to the circuit. The emitter-base is forward-biased and offers low resistance to the circuit. The base forms two circuits, the input circuit with the emitter and the output circuit with the collector.
Base – The middle section of the transistor is known as the base. The collector section of the transistor is moderately doped, but larger in size so that it can collect most of the charge carrier supplied by the emitter. The collector-base junction is always reverse biased. Collector – In a transistor, the section that collects the majority of the charge carrier supplied by the emitter is called a collector. The emitter of a transistor is heavily doped and moderate in size. 
The emitter is always forward biased with respect to the base so that it supplies the majority charge carrier to the base.
Emitter – In a transistor, the emitter supplies a large section of majority charge carriers. We have explained the functionalities of each of these terminals below: Transistors have three terminals namely emitter, collector and base. Construction of Bipolar Junction TransistorĪ transistor is a three-layer semiconductor device in which one type of semiconductor ( either P-type or N-type) is sandwiched between two other similar types of semiconductors.Ī bipolar junction transistor is formed by three layers of semiconductor materials, if it is a p-n-p transistor, it will have two p-type regions and one n-type region, likewise, if it is an n-p-n transistor, it will have two n-type regions and one p-type region.
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